Glioblastoma multiform (GBM), a primary brain tumor that is the most common and the most aggressive. It’s characterized by a high degree of hypoxia and a resistance to therapy because of its adaptation capacities including autophagy. This degradation process allows recycling of cellular components to produce precursors for anabolism and ATP. We have studied the hypoxia-induced autophagy in three human GBM cell lines, the U87MG, M059K and M059J. We have found a survival hypoxia-induced autophagy that was efficient in all cell lines. Indeed, we observed an accumulation of autophagosomes when we inhibited the autophagic flux with chloroquine (CQ). Treatment with CQ or interference of Beclin1 or Atg5 expression by specific siRNA in GBM cells significantly decreased their metabolic activity and growth. However, we did not detect PARP cleavage by western blotting. Thus, we verified the neurotrophic signaling as another survival pathway by which GBM cells resist to hypoxia. After hypoxia, the transcription level of TrkC FL (full length), TrkC-T1 (truncated TrkC) and the NT-3 (the TrkC ligand) significantly increases in the U87MG cell lines, as far as the translation level of TrkC FL and TrkC-T1. When we explored the TrkC FL signaling pathway, there was an increase in the phosphorylation level of p38. After inhibition of this MAPK, we observed PARP cleavage, which was particularly important in hypoxia conditions. This cleavage was further enhanced upon CQ treatment. The autophagy inhibition using either CQ, siBeclin1 or siAtg5, increases TrkC FL and T1 expression, suggesting that in the absence of autophagy, cells would adapt by increasing TrkC signaling.Finally, we have verified for hypoxic (BNIP3) and autophagic (LC3) markers on tumor sections from patients with GBM. We confirmed the hypoxic character of GBM, and showed important autophagy activation, after autophagosomes quantification. In comparison with cavernoma (benign brain tumor), patients with GBM showed a significant increase in TrkC and NT-3 expression, highlighting the importance of neurotrophic signaling in GBM tumor cell survival.